Healing the Brain Naturally, Part 1

HEALING THE BRAIN NATURALLY

Understanding and taking care of ADHD, ADD, behavioral disorders, learning disorders, developmental delay and autism.

Part 1
Hemisphericity and Functional Disconnection Syndrome



By Dr. Lois A Flemming and Dr. Yannick Pauli




IntroductionAs parents, we all want the best for our children. From the time they are born, we hope to see them grow and develop properly, flourish, build their personality, benefit from vibrant health, succeed in their social and romantic relationships, academic endeavors or career paths. We aspire to see them express the best of who they are and to see them prepare to enter the world of adulthood so that they, in turn, can also become fulfilled parents.


For many children, they grow and the circle of life is completed without too many challenges or incidents. But for others, the dream soon becomes a nightmare.


According to epidemiological research, between 5-20% of our children suffer from one or more neurobehavioral disorders such as attention deficit (ADD), hyperactivity (ADHD), learning disorders, behavioral disorders, developmental delay disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette’s syndrome (tics), Asperger’s syndrome or even autism. And this percentage is on the rise.


These statistics don’t take into account all the children that do not formally meet diagnostic criteria for a neurobehavioral disorder, but who are not functioning at their greatest potential. It doesn’t account either for all those who are not really sick to the point of being hospitalized but whose health is far from ideal: allergies, asthma, skin problems, recurring ear infections, abdominal pains, growing pains, sleep problems, back pain, headaches or migraines and many other symptoms that are usually medically unexplained and therefore are not taken properly into account by the pediatrician or family doctor.


The parents of those children are looking for real answers and solutions. Some will choose the conventional medical system, following the advice of family physicians or pediatricians. Unfortunately, those practitioners are often poorly trained in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders and have few options to offer beyond prescribing powerful psychotropic medications such as Ritalin. Others will, alone or in combination with drug treatment, choose to follow some form of behavioral therapy with a psychologist or child psychiatrist.


Other parents, either more critical or poorly convinced by drug treatments, or who have not found the desired results, turn to alternative and complementary approaches. Many options are then available such as kinesiology and “Brain Gym”; dietary approaches and diet without food additives, phosphates or Feingold diet; auditory training and Tomatis Method, music therapy, colortherapy, magnet therapy, massage therapy or even Neurofeedback or chiropractic care.


Although all of these approaches – conventional or alternatives – claim their share of success stories or even miraculous cures, many are limited by their “one-size-fits-all” perspective which only addresses one small piece of the puzzle of the complex picture that those disorders represent.


In this two part article, we will help you discover an integrated and holistic approach to the natural management of neurobehavioral disorders that is heavily founded in breakthrough discoveries made in the neurosciences and in the field of functional medicine.


Kevin, a 21st century boyWhen Kevin was born, his parents’ dream was realized beyond their greatest expectations. The happiness was so great that the epidural, the long labor that required drug treatment, and the difficulty that the ObGyn had in pulling Kevin out of his mother’s womb (although one of the assistants pushed hard on his mother’s belly) were soon long forgotten. As a baby, despite some irritability, colicky cries and sleeping problems, Kevin was developing fine. His torticollis (Kevin always had his head turned to the right side) had seemingly disappeared without complication. At least, that’s what the pediatrician had said. The first months were pure delight, although his mother did suffer an episode of post-partum blues. The family doctor had said this was “normal” and a few months of antidepressant had helped her feel better.


Kevin was your average child. He received all his vaccines without any apparent side-effects. He developed within the norm except he never crawled on all fours at all but had walked quite prematurely. The pediatrician had comforted the mother saying that “this did not matter, some children just preferred to walk first rather than crawl”.


From the pediatrician’s point of view Kevin was healthy. He only suffered two or three colds per year, and had some bronchitis here and there. He had some tougher times around 5 years of age when he had 6 ear infections which were all successfully treated with antibiotics. He did often seem a bit clumsy, bumping into things often and falling easily, but Kevin had a strong personality. He frequently threw temper tantrums and tended to stay by himself (at least, that’s what the lady in charge of day-care said, for both parents worked).


We meet Kevin again in elementary school, during physical education class. He is playing dodge ball, picking up the ball which was on the ground near him. Other children run by him, scoffing him, knowing they won’t be hit. They know perfectly well that Kevin “isn’t that good at catching and throwing” and that there is no risk of getting hit. Kevin knows it also. In team sports he is always the last one to be picked to be on a team. Kevin clumsily throws the ball at a classmate who catches it and throws it back at Kevin hitting and eliminating him.


In class, Kevin isn’t comfortable either. He has difficulties. The teacher is always calling on him about his bad behavior and poor handwriting skills. Since he cannot impress others with any kind of special talent, Kevin acts out to attract attention. He often interrupts the class or bothers his classmates, which inevitably leads to the teacher making comments. His behaviour affects the whole class which does not progress as fast as it could.


During recess, Kevin often has problems socializing. Others do not spontaneously include him in their games. He has a problem relating to others because he has a hard time understanding social cues: he take jokes seriously and constantly thinks others are pulling his leg or making fun of him. Therefore, he prefers to be alone or gets involved in a fight just to attract some attention. His poor behaviour does not just effect his class. At home, his constant tantrums and oppositional behaviour is creating a lot of tension in the family. His mom and dad do not have any time for themselves any more because they always need to police him. His little sister suffers because it seems that “it is always about Kevin”. Kevin often talks back to his parents. He does one stupid thing after another, never becoming aware of the consequences of his actions. Moreover, he has poor self-esteem and is often alone. He only really connects with younger children, but does not really have any close friends. At night, during homework, the battle begins and it takes hours to get it done. Despite all the effort invested by his parents and his teacher, Kevin is failing and he might have to repeat a grade. What is more frustrating is that everyone recognizes that Kevin is a bright boy. He just does not seem to understand how to effectively use his intelligence.


The last time his mom went to the doctor to refill her antidepressant prescription; she shared her concerns with the doctor. He told her that it looked like Kevin had ADHD and suggested they try a therapeutic trial of Ritalin to see if that would help. Although mom was reluctant at first, she knew things were out of control and that she would burn-out if nothing was done, so she ended up trusting the doctor. Since he has been taking his daily pill, Kevin is calmer and behaves better. In fact, even the teacher commented on how much better he is following instructions. It seems things between mom and dad are getting better also.


Kevin is only one example among many of the growing number of children of both sexes who are suffering from and being diagnosed with such disorders as hyperactivity (ADHD), attention deficit (ADD), behavioural problems and learning disabilities. All of these children are like Kevin to some degree. Kevin could just as well have been suffering from dyslexia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or even autism.


All those disorders have devastating consequences on the lives of those they affect and their immediate family. If those disorders are not properly managed, the child is at risk of failing school (or at the very least of not fulfilling his academic potential), of injuring himself or of developing low self-esteem and socialization problems. Later on, during adolescent years, he is at greater risk of suffering from other issues such as depression, substance abuse, causing road accidents or even of violating the law.


So what is causing all those disorders?To get a proper answer, we first need to review a few basic facts about how the brain works. Over the last few decades a growing number of scientific studies have shown that those disorders – as diverse as they may seem – all share the same common neurological origin. They are not distinct disorders or diseases but rather are a part of a spectrum of disorders.


A little bit of neurophysiology…


Our central nervous system (which includes our brain) is made of billions of cells called neurons. A neuron is made of a cell body and an axon. The body of the cell contains a nucleus and various other organelles which produce the energy necessary for the neuron to function optimally. The surface of the cell body is covered with hair-like structures called dendrites. Dendrites act as a line of communication between the cell body of one neuron and the axon of another. A single neuron can be connected to hundreds and even thousands of other neurons.

The axon is a long tube-like “pipeline” which extends from the cell body and ends up at a synapse. The synapse is the communication point between an axon and another neuron. This interface between two neurons is done through a small space, called the synaptic or interneuronal space.


When a nerve impulse reaches the end of the axon of a neuron, it triggers biochemical reactions which lead to the release of small chemical substances into the interneuronal space. These substances, called neurotransmitters, cross the space and attach themselves to receptors on the second neuron’s surface. If those neurotransmitters are in high enough quantity, they trigger a new impulse on the second neuron. Once their work is done, the neurotransmitters are released from the receptors and recaptured by the first neuron to be recycled. This phenomenon is called neurotransmitter re-uptake.

A little bit of neuroanatomy…


Starting with the oldest structures, our central nervous system (CNS) is broken down into several elements:


The spinal cord is the communication highway between the brain and the rest of the body; it has many relay stations and is the seat of all reflex activities (such as automatically taking your hand off a hot stove).


The brain stem contains the lung and heart control centers, the cranial nerves, and some areas that control the state of alertness of the individual.


On the back of the brainstem, we find the cerebellum. It is involved in the coordination and timing of movements. Recent studies have shown that it also plays an essential role in coordinating visceral functions, emotions and attention.


Above the brain stem, we find the diencephalon which is made up of the thalamus – the relay center for all the sensory information (except the sense of smell) that is going up to the cortex – and the hypothalamus – which is the control center for hormones and glands.




Finally, we find the telencephalon which is made of two cerebral hemispheres and the basal ganglia.


The cerebral hemispheres are made of four lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital) and the limbic system, which is the seat of emotions.


The basal ganglia are a series of nuclei or centers involved in movement control.





In our exploration of the brain’s anatomy as it relates to learning and behavioral disorders such as ADHD, two areas are particularly of interest. They are:


1. A part of the frontal lobe, called the prefrontal cortex, which is the seat of so-called executive functions (attention, planning, organization, impulse inhibition, self-control).


2. A system of circuits connecting the prefrontal cortex, the basal ganglia and the cerebellum.


In order to better understand ADHD, we must also understand how the brain integrates all the information it receives from the senses:


The brain: a question of timing, synchronization and wavelength.


Each second, our brain is bombarded with thousands of sensory information coming from numerous sources: sight (eye), hearing, olfaction, taste, touch, organs and viscera, skin, muscles, and articulations; in short, from our internal and external environment.


The brain cannot make sense of all this information unless it is integrated into a meaningful experience. Only then can the brain react optimally to its environment. However, there is no single physical area in the brain where all this information can meet. To solve this problem, our brain integrates and synchronizes the information in a temporal manner.


This means that two pieces of information coming from the same sensory experience can be integrated – and therefore become meaningful - only if they are synchronized in time (happen together ). In contrast, two pieces of information coming from the same sensory experience which are not synchronized in time cannot be integrated by our brain.


Imagine that you are watching a French movie that has not been properly dubbed. Imagine for example that the image and the sound are not synchronized. Imagine how the lips of the characters are sometimes immobile while the voice still speaks or imagine how the lips keep on moving although the sentence is already finished. The coherence is lost and it becomes annoying, shocking, meaningless, or even ridiculous. After a while, you would stop watching that movie. Children and adults suffering from ADHD have the same problem. Except that for them, the desynchronization is ongoing and never stops. Moreover, the desynchronization does not only affect two senses (such as hearing and sight in our example) but all the thousands of bits of sensory information that is coming in from our various senses.
In order for the various pieces of information to be synchronized in time, our brain must have a very precise timing mechanism. And this timing mechanism requires a basic rhythm; the same as a music student uses a metronome to acquire his tempo skills.


In our brain, the metronome is our cerebellum. It gives the timing mechanism through which all the incoming information will be synchronized. Any malfunction of the cerebellum can therefore lead to a desynchronization of the information, a frequent problem in children suffering from ADHD.


In addition to good timing, the different parts of our brain must be on the same wavelength or frequency to communicate properly.


In order to illustrate this concept, let’s imagine that you are using a walkie-talkie with your child who is in the garden. If both devices are on the same frequency ( the same wave length ), you will be able to communicate without any problem. However, if they are on two different wavelengths, there will be some crackling sounds on the line and communication will be more difficult. If both frequencies are too different, it becomes impossible to communicate.


Our cerebral hemispheres and our cortex function at a 40 hertz frequency (40 times per second). This frequency is the basis for human consciousness. At this speed, timing must be very precise or any error can be devastating.


Our brain functions at its best when both hemispheres are coherent, which means when they oscillate at the 40 hertz frequency. When this situation happens, both hemispheres can not only communicate together through traditional neurological relays, but also energetically.


This 40 Hertz frequency originates in the thalamus, the relay center for all information going toward the brain (except the smell).


In order to better understand this concept, let’s imagine an experiment where the right side of someone’s body isn’t stimulated anymore. The left hemisphere – because the information from the right side of the body crosses to the left side of the brain - will not be stimulated any longer, and the 40 Hertz rhythm cannot be maintained. In consequence, we develop a lack of coherence, a desynchronization between the two hemispheres. In this situation, the brain cannot work at its best.
Research in neuroscience has shown that ADHD is a consequence of brain timing errors which give rise to a desynchronization of incoming information or a coherence problem in which two or more parts of our brain are no longer on the same wavelength.


Cerebral hemisphericity and neurological lesions


In functional neurology, we use the word “cerebral hemisphericity” when both hemispheres are no longer on the same wavelength and when, in consequence, one side of the brain is “weaker” than the other one. ‘Neurological lesion’ (reversible) is a term which describes a part of the brain that is not functioning 100%. The malfunction that is causing the lesion can be due to a lack of stimulation or to a delay in development of the brain.


The neurological lesion is one of the principal causes of desynchronization (loss of timing) of information and of the loss of coherence between parts of our brain. The loss of coherence is called "hemisphericity" if the affected parts are the hemispheres. We also sometimes call this problem a “functional disconnection syndrome”.


Numerous scientific studies carried out in the past ten years have shown that neurological lesions and brain hemisphericity are the underlying brain problems in ADHD.


We can therefore conclude that ADHD is due to some hypo-functioning or delayed development of some circuits of the brain that link the prefrontal cortex to the basal ganglia to the cerebellum.


Many studies also showed that these parts are smaller in size in children suffering ADHD than in “normal” children when they are measured by magnetic resonance.


A health care professional specially trained in functional neurology is therefore able to evaluate the deficient areas (neurological lesions) in a precise manner for each individual and to develop an individualized program aimed at rehabilitating these parts in a natural way.






Hypo-functionality and developmental delay: the HYPER-active is HYPO-stimulated.


Traditional medicine understands this seemingly paradoxical situation. The most well-known medication for ADHD is methylphenidate (Ritalin) which is a stimulant medication. At first, we may wonder why we give a stimulant to someone who is already “hyper”. Well, parts of the brain that are hypofunctional in ADHD predominantly use dopamine as neurotransmitter. One of the predominant theories in the field of neuroscience suggests that, in children with ADHD, dopamine is recaptured and recycled too fast (reuptake phenomenon). In consequence, the prefrontal cortex – which acts as a brake for the rest of the brain – is not sufficiently stimulated. The rest of the brain is no longer under control and gets “hyper”. Ritalin is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. This means that it allows dopamine to remain longer in the space between the two neurons. This also means that the second neuron gets more stimulation. This way, by stimulating the brake (the prefrontal cortex), we can regain control of the rest of the system.


The causes of the problem
Traditional medicine seems quite content with a genetic explanation and a pharmaceutical treatment. However, as those who are attempting to understand the underlying cause of problems, we are not satisfied with such a simple explanation.


Heredity and genetics are only predisposing factors. It is like a loaded gun. But nothing happens with the loaded gun until something presses on the trigger. And that something is the environment.


Medicine concluded that ADHD is a brain chemical imbalance. In the Unritalin Solution program, we ask a much more fundamental question: what causes the chemical imbalance?


As we have seen in our review of neurophysiology, the production of neurotransmitters is dependent upon two factors:


1. The presence of an electrical impulse along the axon of the neuron.
2. Having sufficient building blocks to produce neurotransmitters.


Therefore, the cause of the problem should not be sought in the biochemical imbalance – which is only a consequence – but in the “electrical imbalance”, that is the neurological lesion or the hemisphericity.


In consequence, when a child exhibits ADHD symptoms, we can have 4 possible causes (or a combination thereof):


1. An ' electrical' dysfunction causing neurological lesions and brain hemisphericity
2. A deficiency in the building blocks of neurotransmitters (which is a nutritional and metabolic problem)
3. Neurotoxic factors, i.e toxins that affect the proper function of the brain.
4. Or none of the above. In that case, the symptoms look like ADHD, but they are caused by something else such as food allergies, heavy metal intoxi-cation, or sleep deprivation, …


Causes of the causes
We have said that the chemical imbalance present in ADHD is the consequence of neurological lesions and brain hemisphericity. But as true detectives, we are not content with that conclusion and we want to dig deeper by asking the question: what is causing the lesions and the hemisphericity in the first place?


Without going deep into the theory of evo-lution, it is commonly recognized that one of the main factors that has allowed humans to develop the big brain they have is the fact that we, as a species, have transitioned from going on all fours to walking upright on two legs. To make it very succinct and short, suffice it to say the development of our brain and of our cognitive abilities is highly dependent upon motor activity. Said another way, movement nourished cognitive development.


The majority of stimulations to which our central nervous system is exposed are not constant (for example, sight is not stimulated during the night). The one and only constant source of stimulation and information to the brain comes from the motor activity produced by our postural muscles as they constantly adapt to the field of gravity.


These stimulations are transmitted to the thalamus and the cerebellum, producing the so-vital 40 Hertz frequency as well as the necessary timing mechanisms which allow the brain to integrate the many sensory inputs into a meaningful experience.


From there, this information stimulates the circuits that link the cerebellum to the basal ganglia and the prefrontal cortex. Remember the prefrontal cortex plays a major role in regulating emotions, inhibiting impulses (which is important for proper social behaviour), attention and concentration and all other higher human cognitive functions.


In summary, the functional integrity of our spine and its postural musculature is therefore essential for the brain, as is regular movement and physical activity.


Those considerations allow us to start understanding what may be causing the formation of reversible neurological lesions and hemisphericity. Amongst the most common causes, we find:


Perinatal factors such as a traumatic birth, cerebral hypoxia (lack of oxygen), or fetal distress, …


Dysfunctions of the spine and its postural muscle structure: poor posture, vertebral dysfunctions (called vertebral subluxations by chiropractors), and muscular imbalances.


Cerebral traumas: acceleration / deceleration syndrome( whiplash) from auto accidents, cerebral concussion, or direct blunt trauma to the head.


Sedentary lifestyle with reduced physical activity : in less than one generation, we went from street games for which we used our big muscle groups and coordination (sports, hop scotch, jump rope, hide and seek) to sedentary computer games and activities (television, computer, video games, …)


Psycho-social factors: sensory deprivation, physical abuse, parental negligence, lack of social support, family stresses.


We need to add to these other types of neurotoxic and nutritional factors that we will discuss in part 2 of this article, such as unhealthy eating and fast foods, environmental toxins, vaccines and hormones.


A solution for Kevin
Our children are the future of our society. What will happen in the future when a child's potential is limited because of severe imbalances which prevent his or her brain from functioning optimally? When a child suffers from ADD, ADHD, learning disorders, behavioural problems, developmental delays, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette’s syndrome, Asperger’s syndrome or autism, it is not only the child who is affected, but the whole family, as well as the whole community.




These children deserve the best. Therefore any approach which hopes to be an answer to their suffering has to be holistic and global, and include the natural treatments which have been shown to be effective in helping these disorders.


This is why we have created our ADHD Wellness program Unritalin Solution. Our program is designed to evaluate and correct the hemisphericity and reversible neurological lesions, as well as the metabolic imbalances that are the true causes of the symptoms of these various so-called disorders.


Our ADHD Wellness Program evaluates the specific needs of your child and offers a natural yet highly effective approach tailored and customized to help your child overcome his or her many challenges.


Contact us at 638-6062 for more information!
Dr. Lois Flemming has been in practice in New Bern for 20 years. She has advanced edu-cation and training in functional neurology, nutrition, functional medicine and chiropractic pediatrics and has studied under Dr. Yannick Pauli, the prominent Swiss physician and researcher who developed the Unritalin Solution program. In her clinic Flemming Chiropractic Wellness Center, she runs “ADHD Brain Wellness”, a holistic brain-based balancing program based on the Unritalin Solution program for neurobehavioral disorders such as ADHD and learning disabilities. Over 600 children with these disorders have been helped through the Unritalin Solution program.